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Bangladesh Bank ((ベンガル語:বাংলাদেশ ব্যাংক)) is the Central bank of Bangladesh and is a member of the Asian Clearing Union. The bank is active in developing green banking and financial inclusion policy and is an important member of the Alliance for Financial Inclusion. Bangladesh Financial Intelligence Unit (BFIU), a department of Bangladesh Bank, has got the membership of Egmont Group. Bangladesh Bank is the first central bank in the world to introduce a dedicated hotline (16236) for the general populace to complain any banking related problem. Moreover, the organization is the first central bank in the world to issue a "Green Banking Policy". To acknowledge this contribution, current-Governor Dr. Atiur Rahman was given the title ‘Green Governor’ at the 2012 United Nations Climate Change Conference, held at the Qatar National Convention Centre in Doha . ==History== After the Liberation War and the eventual independence of Bangladesh, the Government of Bangladesh reorganized the Dhaka branch of the State Bank of Pakistan as the central bank of the country, naming it Bangladesh Bank. This reorganization was done pursuant to Bangladesh Bank Order, 1972, and the Bangladesh Bank came into existence retroactively from 16 December 1971. The 1971 Mujib regime pursued a pro-socialist agenda. In 1972, the government decided to nationalize all banks in order to channel funds to the public sector and to prioritize credit to those sectors that sought to reconstruct the war-torn country – mainly industry and agriculture. However, government control of the wrong sectors prevented these banks from functioning well. This was compounded by the fact that loans were handed out to the public sector without commercial considerations; banks had poor capital lease, provided poor customer service and lacked all market-based monetary instruments. Because loans were given out without commercial considerations, and because they took a long time to call a loan non-performing, and once they did, recovery under the erstwhile judicial system was so expensive, loan recovery was abysmally poor.〔 While the government made a point of intervening everywhere, it didn’t set up a proper regulatory system to diagnose such problems and correct them. Hence, banking concepts like profitability and liquidity were alien to bank managers, and capital adequacy took a backseat.〔 In 1982, the first reform program was initiated, wherein the government denationalized two of the six nationalized commercial banks and permitted private local banks to compete in the banking sector. In 1986, a ''National Commission on Money, Banking and Credit'' was appointed〔 to deal with the problems of the banking sector, and a number of steps were taken for the recovery targets for the nationalized commercial banks and development financial institutions and prohibiting defaulters from getting new loans. Yet the efficiency of the banking sector could not be improved.〔 The Financial Sector Adjustment Credit (FSAC) and Financial Sector Reform Programme (FSRP) were formed in 1990, upon contracts with the World Bank. These programs sought to remove government distortions and lessen the financial repression.〔 Policies made use of the McKinnon-Shaw hypothesis, which stated that removing distortions augments efficiency in the credit market and increases competition.〔 The policies therefore involved banks providing loans on a commercial basis, enhancing bank efficiency and limiting government control to monetary policy only. FSRP forced banks to have a minimum capital adequacy, to systematically classify loans and to implement modern computerized systems, including those that handle accounting. It forced the central bank to free up interest rates, revise financial laws and increase supervision in the credit market. The government also developed the capital market, which was also performing poorly. FSRP expired in 1996. Afterwards, the Government of Bangladesh formed a Bank Reform Committee (BRC), whose recommendations were largely unaddressed by the then-government. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bangladesh Bank」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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